Diabetes: The most common cause of neuropathy is diabetes, because uncontrolled high blood sugar damages the nerves.
Trauma: Neuropathy can be caused by trauma due to sports, vehicle accidents, fractures, etc.
Inherited disorders: Neuropathy can be genetic. Examples of inherited conditions that may cause neuropathy include familial amyloidosis, CMT disease, Fabry disease, and metachromatic leukodystrophy.
Vitamin levels: Nerve function requires the right levels of vitamins E, B1, B6, B12, and niacin. If you lack the correct level of these vitamins, you may be at risk for a neuropathic disorder.
Vascular conditions: Vascular issues may be caused by smoking, diabetes, and vasculitis. These conditions can result in neuropathy because they decrease blood flow, which deprives the nerve cells of oxygen.
Tumors: Whether benign or malignant, neuropathy may result from tumors pressing on the nerve or crowding their space.
Certain medications and treatments: Neuropathy may be caused by certain antibiotics, anti-seizure medications, and HIV medications. In addition, chemotherapy and radiation for cancer treatment may damage peripheral nerves.
Alcohol abuse: Because alcoholism tends to result in a poor diet, the body may not get the amount of thiamine and other vitamins required for proper nerve function. Alcohol may also be damaging to peripheral nerves.
Exposure to toxic substances: Exposure to heavy metals and industrial chemicals may have a serious effect on the nerves.
Other conditions: Neuropathy may result from kidney disorders, autoimmune disorders and infections, myeloma, lymphoma, monoclonal gammopathy, liver disorders, or hypothyroidism.